Variation in bulk density of granitic rock samples at mild temperature range

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Geology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

2 Department of Geology, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria.

10.22059/ijmge.2025.370522.595137

Abstract

Numerous laboratory investigations have explored the properties of various rocks subjected to high temperatures rarely encountered in rock engineering applications. This study aims to investigate the variation in bulk density of fine-grained granite (FGG) under mild temperatures (20°C–200°C), relevant to rock engineering applications such as geothermal systems and radioactive waste storage. The objectives are to quantify changes in mass, volume, and bulk density of FGG samples and identify underlying mechanisms through microscopic analysis. Cylindrical core samples (50 mm diameter × 100 mm height) were extracted from a granite outcrop in Ado-Ekiti, southwestern Nigeria, using a core drilling machine, in accordance with ISRM standards. Mass and volume were measured before, during, and after heating at 20°C intervals up to 200°C in an electric oven. Bulk density was calculated using ISRM standards based on the measured mass and volume at selected mild temperature intervals. Results show a decrease in mass and an increase in volume with rising temperature, leading to a reduction in bulk density. The average percentage of mass loss, volume increase, and bulk density decrease was higher during heating than after cooling. In addition, microscopic analysis revealed a progressive increase in microcrack density, with distinct trans-granular cracks forming across feldspar grains at 200 °C. The findings reveal the potential impact of mild thermal exposure on granite’s structural integrity, which is relevant for rock engineering applications in environments subject to moderate thermal fluctuations.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Available Online from 17 September 2025

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